1. Refer to your textbook for more detailed information about the layers of human skin. Indicate whether each of the following structures is found in the epidermis, dermis, or subcutaneous layer.A. fat cells (adipose tissue)B. hair folliclesC. waterproof cellsD. pressure receptorsE. naked pain receptorsF. temperature receptorsG. connective tissue surrounding receptors
2. Explain the major function(s) of the following layers of the skin:A. epidermisB. dermisC. subcutaneous layer (hypodermis)
3. Which layer (the epidermis, dermis or subcutaneous layer) makes up the majority of skin? Why do you think that is? (hint: look at the many components it houses)
4. What layer of skin produces dandruff? Is this the same layer that peels off after a sunburn?
5. Knowing that wrinkles occur as you age due to a loss of elasticity and collagen, answer the following questions:A. Which layer of skin is most responsible?B. Do you think topical ointments that claim to firm skin really work? Why or why not? (remember the primary function of the epidermis!)C. What preventive measures help to limit wrinkles later in life?D. Which do you think is a more effective anti-wrinkle strategy: preventive measures or topical treatments after wrinkles have already formed?
Questions for Experiment 2: Investigating compact vs. spongy bone:
1. What differences did you notice between the spongy and compact bone? (Read about osteons in your textbook and include these in your answer.)
2. Why do you think spongy bone allows more flexibility than compact bone?
3. Describe where these two types of bone are generally found in a human long bone.
Questions for Experiment 3: Calcium in bones:
1. Describe the change in the chicken bone or egg after soaking in vinegar.
2. Explain how the vinegar causes this change.
3. What do these results suggest about the role of calcium in bones?
Questions for Experiment 4: Muscle structure:
1. If the slide pictures were not labeled, how would you be able to distinguish which type of muscle was cardiac, smooth and skeletal?
2. Why does muscle account for such a large portion of your body mass?
Questions for Experiment 5: Agonists and antagonists
1. Explain the difference between isotonic and isometric contractions.
2. Give examples of isotonic and isometric contractions.
