Mitochondrial ATP synthase comprises of several proteins, and some of these proteins are encoded by the genes in nucleus. One of these proteins is called S. A mutation in S gene deletes 21 base pairs which are immediately 3′ to the start codon. The mutant S gene is transcribed and translated however the S protein remains in cytoplasm. This mutant yeast cell may only grow anearobically, however the wild type yeast can grow anaerobically or aerobically. Yeast grows as a haploid cell. In the wild type cells in presence of O2, the pH of mitochondrial matrix is 8, however in cells along with this mutant S gene, the pH is 7. Explain all these results.
